Human Rights Council of the UN , which was formerly known as the Human Rights Committee of the United Nations , is an intergovernmental mechanism consists of 47 member countries are allocated according to the region , including 13 African countries , 13 countries Asia - Pacific, 6 Eastern European countries , 8 countries in Latin America - Caribbean , and 7 Western European countries and other countries .
Compared with the predecessor Human Rights Commission , the activities , the Human Rights Council is an innovative mechanism underlying the Universal Periodic Review ( Universal Periodic Review - UPR ) , in which all member states the United Nations stands out inventory turns and dialogue about its human rights situation in a 4 year period and include all stakeholders , including non-governmental organizations .
The first time that Vietnam is periodic review of human rights in 05/ 2009 . Currently, Vietnam is preparing reports for periodic review times two month cycle of 1/2014 . In recent years , the government of Vietnam has taken the opinion consultation on Draft Recommendations National Report will be presented at the Human Rights Council of the United Nations .
National Report on the implementation of human rights in Vietnam under the Universal Periodic Review ( UPR ) 2 cycles focused review of the implementation of UPR recommendations that Vietnam was at once accepted them before . At the same time updating the new developments in the protection and promotion of human rights in the territory of Vietnam .
In the Draft Country Report published in the consultation workshop last August in Hanoi , Vietnam government said that after reviewing the report of Human Rights First ( 2009 ) before the UN Human Rights Council , Vietnam achieved much progress « measurable » in ensuring freedom of speech , freedom of the press , information , freedom of religion and belief , to ensure housing for low-income people to ensure rights for vulnerable groups ...
Regarding freedom of speech , freedom of the press , information , reports confirmed that Vietnam clearly defined rights in the Constitution and laws . To demonstrate , reports put the figure is as of May 3/2013 , there were 812 agencies with 1,084 press publications ( compared with 676 offices and nearly 700 publications in 2009 - a time when Vietnam the first UPR report ) . At the end of last year, the number of internet users in Vietnam was 30.8 million, accounting for 34 % of the population , higher than the average of 33 % of the world .
The report also confirmed that Vietnam respects the presence of religion as Buddhist , Catholic , Protestant , Muslim ... and the religious formation of water as Cao Dai , Hoa Hao , Tu An Hieu Nghia ...
But international human rights groups have judged differently . In a report sent the High Commissioner for Human Rights of the United Nations , the American organization Freedom House denounced the Vietnam government has arbitrarily detained in violation of international law , use the law of national security Join to silence a growing number of opposition voices in this country .
Front Line Defenders Organisation of Ireland recorded it has not any significant changes since the assessment universal periodic review to Vietnam in May 2009 . This organization is recognized in the period between 2009 and 2013 , the Vietnam human rights defenders and their families have suffered surveillance , threats , intimidation , interrogation , harassment , arrest and arbitrary detention , ill- treatment in detention , and travel is prohibited in the country and abroad .
Following invite you for the interview to hear about candidates Vietnam Human Rights Council UN with Mr. Vu Quoc Dung , Secretary General of the International Association for Human Rights , ISHR ( Germany ) , and this was an advisor for international human rights organizations .
RFI : Congratulations Mr. Vu Quoc Dung , first asked him to repeat the procedure of examination of candidates and voting procedures for members of the United Nations Human Rights Council ( UNHRC ) ?
Mr. Vu Quoc Dung : UNHRC has a total of 47 members . Regulation of this organization split 13 seats for Africa blocks , 13 blocks of Pacific Asia , 6 for Eastern Europe , 8 blocks South of Central America as well as Europe and the West 7 for the remaining countries . This seat split ratio corresponds to the population of each region in the world . Each member has a term of 3 years . Each year, about one third of the seats were replaced and like always UNHCR also two thirds of the members have the experience to ensure that activities are ongoing UNHRC .
The election will be conducted at phop session of the UN General Assembly , this year on 11.12.2013 , according to private and secret ballots for each candidate . Want elected , each candidate must achieve absolute number of votes of the total 192 members of the United Nations , that is, there must be at least 97 votes .
On 12.11.2013 will be 14 elected seats , the seats of which 4 blocks in Africa , 4 blocks of Pacific Asia , 2 of the Eastern bloc , 2 blocks South of Central America as well as 2 block of West Europe and other countries .
Each UN member country may apply for candidacy in one of the chairs need to be replaced in his block . For example, this year , Vietnam may ask candidates to 1 in 4 chairs alternates blocks of Asia -Pacific . In the past , the regional bloc usually given number of candidates for the seats just fascist nation should be physically block his nomination is also sure to win the election . Recently , members of the UN General Assembly was tougher . If you see an unworthy candidate too , they refused to vote for that candidate again and start mass contact area to offer a new candidate . To vote in the UN General Assembly conducted democracy , each block should provide the number of candidates is higher than the number of seats for alternates to the UN General Assembly options . This year , I found outside the « Western Europe and other countries " and the Eastern bloc , while other blocks are made of more candidates than the number of seats to pick up the slack . This is an improvement , but not significantly , because we need some alternate candidates than the number 1 . The vote for the candidate blocks by Asia -Pacific launched this year will show that this defect .
RFI : Looking through the list of candidate countries to the UNHRC this year , Vietnam has no chance of being elected ?
Mr. Vu Quoc Dung : In this block there are 4 seats Asia - Pacific region should be re-elected . Until today, I see a list of official candidates of this block include China, Jordan , Maldives , Saudi Arabia and Vietnam . Previously countries Syria and Iran also fired sound like candidates for this block , but was opposed opinion , should have left the original intent . In particular , the United States and the European Union ( EU ) has given the intention of the resolution against Syria 's candidacy . Either way, the list of 5 candidates for 4 seats cubic Asia -Pacific still has at least 3 undeserving candidates are China, Saudi Arabia and Vietnam , as well as the country of serious human rights violations and systematic .
If the Jordanians and the Maldives archipelago is more deserving and will elected , the UN will eventually have to choose 2 out of 3 additional undeserving countries said above . The worst case is the third candidate unworthy China, Saudi Arabia and Vietnam are elected . In the second case , the Asian region will bring disgrace known for having conspired to put them on the UNHRC . UNHRC will bring reputation mechanism to reach the country and serious violations of no reputation to speak of human rights protection .
If the last minute without any additional countries of this group of candidates , the elections - in a maxim of the West - is a choice between the plague and cholera . To answer the question of RFI , I think that any country that elected whether China, Saudi Arabia or Vietnam, if not the plague it was cholera .
RFI :Human Rights Commission of the United Nations in the last few days have criticized the trial lawyer Le Quoc Quan and generally they are not happy about the state of human rights in Vietnam . This can affect the UNHRC voted in Vietnam ?
Mr. Vu Quoc Dung : Normally the candidate countries on the UNHRC always want to improve human rights in the period before the election . Vietnam is an exception . In recent years , the human rights violations in Vietnam did not decrease , but also tends to increase severity . Only since the beginning of this year we have witnessed many secret and unfair trial . Specifically, 22 followers of the Law Council of Son Beer sanctioned projects totaling a life sentence , 300 years and 120 years' probation , 14 Democratic Youth sentenced to 82 years in prison and 56 years probation , Mr. Wu Phu Yen Hao sentenced 15 years in prison and 5 years probation eight Montagnard Christians of Ha Mon religion was sentenced to prison totaling 63 years in prison , lawyer Le Quoc Quan was put on trial for economic crimes due to had democratic activities and human rights .
Up to now , there have been 51 civil Vietnam was brought to jail because of ' propaganda against the state »by Article 88 of the Penal Code , in which many people are bloggers .
Hundreds of bloggers and activists peacefully for freedom of speech , freedom of religion , the right to land ownership have been beaten or detained , harassed . Conscience world has never been a candidate to challenge any such UNHRC .
I wonder what makes Vietnam such confidence ? Is Vietnam government think they have enough diplomatic campaign to silence the world , or at least find the promised support of 97 UN member states ? If this is the case , then the world should be ashamed for having underestimated the value that is outside the mouth honored .
We know that the candidate 's profile Vietnam will be left with a record of the evaluation mechanism of the United Nations and an assessment of the profile of human rights organizations , so that the member states have the sufficient information to judge the promise of a nation . The responsibilities of the institutions of the UN , the international human rights organizations and the governments of Europe and America is to use all their means to clarify the difference between words and actual actions Vietnam 's government . They have voiced strong opposition to publicly and movements for national delegations of UN members . At least , in the days before the voting session on 12.11.2013 , the international human rights organization to represent Vietnam invited to answer the question the candidate .
RFI : In the means to assess the progress of a country in terms of human rights mechanisms regular expertise . In 2009 , Vietnam has been reviewed , so far as he can see that Vietnam has the right to comply with the commitments they made it or not ?
Mr. Vu Quoc Dung : Between the Universal Periodic Review and elected to the Human Rights Council of the United Nations , have contact with each other . First of all , I want to talk about the selection criteria for candidates to the UNHRC . There are 3 standard . First, the candidate must demonstrate the protection and promotion of their human rights . Monday candidates voluntarily submitted to what they promised or committed to do in the office. Tuesday if elected, they must adhere to the highest standards for the protection and promotion of human rights , to cooperate fully with the UNHRC and have accepted « Procedures for Periodic Review of Human Rights Status » ( UPR ) of their country in term in office.
Vietnam has formally submitted a list of commitments . However, this list should not be the final list . The European and American countries requiring Vietnam to have promised substantial and measurable . One of the proposals is complementary Vietnam sent an invitation to commit all of the UNHRC special mechanisms (Special Procedures ) to visit Vietnam in the 2012-2014 term . Vietnam has so far avoided invite special rapporteurs (Special Rapporteur ) UNHRC in the areas of civil and political rights in Vietnam to assess the situation . This is a core proposal to improve the human rights situation .
If you think there is a certain barter , then we need the country to vote for Vietnam committed to a roadmap to improve human rights in Vietnam . If Vietnam continues to suppress human rights policies in a systematic and brutal campaign , the UN suspended regulations UNHRC member of Vietnam is still a possibility that may occur as we know it in the case of Libya .
RFI : Xin cám ơn ông Vũ Quốc Dụng.
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