14 new countries became members of the UN Human Rights Council this year
In recent days , public opinion at home and abroad are interested in - and also react very differently - about Vietnam was elected to the Human Rights Council ( Nations Human Rights Council ) of the United Nations . While government and Vietnam officials are very proud of this event , many organizations and individuals fighting for the Human right to despair .
Vietnam 's leaders have reason to rejoice because this is the first time since the Human Rights Council was established in 2006 , Vietnam won a seat in the organization and with a relatively high number of votes ( 184 on 192 votes ) .
For those who work in the field of human rights , especially those who have been campaigning to Vietnam was not elected to the Council in the past , about their disappointment is understandable because with such a result , the international community would be less concerned about the human rights record of Vietnam .
But officials Vietnam should totally proud , proud - and the activists who struggle for human rights should totally disappointed , surprise - about Vietnam was elected to the Human Rights Council of the United Nations ( UN ) ?
If re- look at the structure , membership , activities and results of this agency are more or less sure everyone can recognize that Vietnam was elected as a member of international organizations such is not something that was too proud or too disappointed or surprised .
TO AVOID criticism ?
"Since this is a human rights organization UN , many countries lack of respect for human rights to be elected to consider this as a way to hide their weaknesses"
Human rights is one of the top priorities of the United Nations since the organization was formed in 1945 and the agency in charge of the promotion and protection of human rights is the UN Human Rights Committee ( UBNQ ) - Nations Human Rights Council 's predecessor .
Founded in 1946, the Human Rights Committee has made many great achievements during the first , which helped draft the Universal Declaration of Human Rights - a statement was adopted by the UN General Assembly on in 1948 and is still regarded as one of the human rights manifesto important , valuable and meaningful today .
But then in the next decades , particularly since the early 1990s and in 2000 , the organization no longer plays an important role in the protection and promotion of human rights and its reputation has been toned down serious . Instead of an agency for human rights activities , it has become a forum for countries violating the fundamental rights of the human rights record cover their ignorance .
One of the reasons that lead to this organization have too many members . Once established , it only has 18 countries, including most of the democratic countries . But because want to have high representative , UBNQ has expanded over time and by 1992 as many as 53 members . So many countries have the opportunity to be elected to this committee , which has the country be elected despite serious human rights violations and systematic .
And because this is a human rights organization of the United Nations , many countries lack of respect for human rights to be elected to consider this as a way to hide his weaknesses .
In the article , titled ' The United Nations Human Rights Council : Repeating Past ' Mistakes ' is The Heritage Foundation published in 2006 , Brett D. Schaefer said that the country 's human rights record was not very good campaign in order to prevent UBNQ criticism from the public gaze on its human rights situation .
In some countries where this author that have questionable human rights records and found success in UBNQ seats in the previous year are China, Cuba and Vietnam . Even in 2003 , Libya - a country with a dictatorship under Colonel Gaddafi - also was elected president of the Commission.
Former Secretary-General Kofi Annan LQH pointed to weaknesses of the Human Rights Council
Similarly, in ' Sins of Commission ? Understanding Membership Patterns on the United Nations Human Rights Commission ' , was published in the Journal of Political Research Quarterly 2008, Martin S. Edwards argues that the countries lack of respect for human rights look as the Commission on Human Rights as an act of self-defense , to help them avoid endangered or criticized .
The author said that even countries with poor human rights records have more opportunity be elected to the human rights committee than the country respect human rights .
' PROPOSAL disbanded '
Maybe rightly so because in 2001 , the United States - a country plays an important role in the establishment of the UN Human Rights Commission in particular - has not been elected to the Human Rights Commission .
An editorial in the New York Times dated 26.02.2006 has also called Human Rights Commission as ' a disgrace of the UN ' .
Not only scholars , observing that even UN Secretary General Kofi Annan, who was then also candidly points out the weaknesses and limitations of the UN Human Rights Commission .
In a report entitled In Larger Freedom in March 2005 , Mr. Annan stated that : ' The country seeks to become a member of the Commission not to strengthen human rights but to protect themselves from being just criticism or to criticize others ' . According to him , it does not only lead to the discrediting of UBNQ but also takes the reputation of the entire UN system .
So , Mr. Annan has proposed disbanded Human Rights Commission and the establishment of a new Human Rights Council . His proposal was accepted and the following months the UN General Assembly was discussing the structure and purpose of the Human Rights Council and voted for the establishment of this Council on 15/03/2006 .
"According to Mr. Annan , the rules and conditions to become a member of the hard right , and strictly stronger . Example to win a seat in the State Council candidates must have a record of human rights and to get relatively good the 2/3 vote of the UN member states"
When the proposed dissolution and UBNQ Nations Human Rights Council established , UN Secretary-General wants a smaller organization of members, but the number is more efficient to monitor the human rights situation of all UN member states .
So , according to Mr. Annan , the rules and conditions to become a member of the hard right , and strictly stronger . For example, to win a seat in the State Council candidates must have a record relatively good human rights and must receive two thirds of the votes of the UN member states .
But these proposals have not been a majority of UN member states approved . Specifically , except the representative geographic area , not a specific standard or strict to consider a country is eligible to be elected to the Council . Moreover, also just received votes in the UN General Assembly absolute majority , a national candidate will be elected to the Nations Human Rights Council .
And more important , with 47 members , Nations Human Rights Council also no significant reduction in number than the old UBNQ . This is a major limitation for the number of council members so much , just like before, these countries do not respect human rights still have a chance to win seats in the Assembly.
For example , if the council only has about 20 members , and each group , region or continent only three or four representatives , will certainly have a highly competitive and only those countries with good human rights records new hope hope to find a place in the Nations Human Rights Council .
But with the number 47 and Asian members and 13 representatives sooner or later ,
countries are thought to be suspicious human rights records like China and Vietnam will be elected to the Council . So what Vietnam became a member of Nations Human Rights Council this year is nothing surprising or proud or disappointing .
' FAILURE OF THE COUNCIL '
Since there is no fundamental changes , radical human rights than the Commission , according to observers , the Human Rights Council comment has not achieved significant success in promoting and protecting human rights around the world whether this is the two main tasks of this organization .
The activists for human rights expressed concern about the situation of human rights abuses of recent VN
In the article , titled ' The United Nations Human Rights Council : A disastrous First Year ' , also posted on the website of The Heritage Foundation in 2007 , Brett D. Schaefer points out the weaknesses and inefficiencies of the Council in first year of operation .
Specifically, in 2007 , had 12 Nations Human Rights Council resolution on the human rights situation in the two countries is only Israel and Sudan , with nine having to condemn Israel and three minor resolutions criticizing Sudan , and not through a resolution or statement condemning human rights violations in 19 of the 20 countries listed organization Freedom House as the national human rights situation ' worst of the worst country ' in it .
Also in this article , Brett D. Schaefer noted that just as before, the country does not respect human rights, campaign into Human Rights Council in order to avoid major criticism of its human rights situation , rather than to promote human rights .
The reaction of some officials of Vietnam and China after the two countries elected to the Council more or less proved that statement .
Rather than see this as an opportunity to learn more and help increase human rights in his country as well as around the world , a Vietnam official said the becoming a member of the Council , Vietnam can now witness proving to the world about human rights in Vietnam and moreover, when Vietnam becomes member of Nations Human Rights Council is strong strike on the object so long deliberately libelous, slanderous ' Vietnam .
"Because of the importance of Member States to protect ' achievements ' of his human rights , the Human Rights Council story does not help much in the promotion and protection of human rights around the world is also easy to understand"
Because the member states respect the protection of ' achievements ' of his human rights , the Human Rights Council story does not help much in the promotion and protection of human rights around the world is also understandable.
A new book published this year ( 2013 ) by Rosa Freedman titled ' The United Nations Human Rights Council : A Critique and Early Assessment ' , Nations Human Rights Council has concluded that the failure to promote and protect human rights this world for organized ignored - or prevent consideration - human rights abuses in many countries seriously .
According to this author , because there are so many members , the members are elected by the group and it is a more inter-governmental organizations , it is difficult for the Human Rights Council to perform tasks and to cheer protection of human rights around the globe alone.
That's why a recent article , on 11/12/2013 , titled ' Human and religious rights at the UN : Theatre of the absurd ' , in The Economist , noted that for an organization actually operate in a transparent , credible human rights on a global scale , the organization should be independent of all governments and thus also independent of the government of human rights violations .
Article reflects the personal views and writing style of the author and , currently a researcher at the Institute for Global Policy in the UK .
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